Wrench



May 1, 1923. 1,453,898 F. E. WALDEN WRENCH Original Filed Dec. 18 1920Juveni e r, Fraderic7t.E.%Zden;

rney.

Patented May 1, 1923.

' are fl irnnnnnion' E. wnnnnn, oi wonoiis'rnn. massnonusnrrs, nssrenoa,erne'smj nssismxrnnrs, TO VYALDEN-STAX IMANUFACTURING -oo.',f-MASSACHUSETTS', A ooaronn'rron or MASSACHUSETTS.

for" STONEI-IAM,

7 WRENCH. a

Applicationfiled December 18, 1920, Serial no. 431,735. Renewed November11, 1922. Serial No. 660,475.

h To all whom it may concern.

'.'Be itknown that I, Fnnnnnron E. VVAL- 'DnN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of the city and county of VorcesterandCommonwealth of Massachusetts, have 1 invented certain new and usefulImprovements in WVrenches, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact specification.-

. The object of this invention is the con- 1 struction of a simple,inexpensive and convenient wrench of the ratchet type, the same beingpreferably formed from av single- -1ength of bar metalsuitably' bent tomeet the purpose desired;

of round wire rod, bend it substantially Ydouble. to compose two nearlyparallel arms,

and form an 'elbowat the end of one arm with'whi'chthe end of the otherarm co-op similar View of a modification of the formshown in Fig. 3.Fig. 5 is a side view of adouble ended form of the wrench. Fig. 6 is across section illustrating how channel iron can be used for the wrench,especially when of the form shown in Fig. 5.

The form of wrench shown in Fig. 1, which is my preferred construction,has its arm 1 substantially straight, merging in an easysemi-circularbend 2 into the arm 3. At the end of the arm 1 is an elbow4 risins at practically right angles thereto and terminating in a lip 5.

The arm 3 is given an intermediate depression 6 into contact with thearm 1, and at this contact-point is formed a spur 7 engaging a spur ordepression 8, for the purpose of preventing the arm 3 from yieldingtoward the bend 2, the lateral contact of the two arms serving to keepthe arm-end 9 from approaching the arm 1, while still permittingrecession therefrom.

For enabling the wrench to be used upon hexagonal nuts and bolt-heads,the elbow 4; is provided with the lip 5 above referred to, the latternot being of especial utility when the wrench is used with square headedbolts and square nuts, but inasmuch as the lip does not disqualify thewrench for its In doing this, I prefer to take a length Fig. 2 is asimilar latter use, I prefer toprovide' this lip. "for 5 all thewrenches. Instead of intermediatelydepressing the arm 3 asset forth: inFig; 1 the arm may have its end. portion bent. sharply down- 1 ward andtoward the bend'12,'as at 10, the remainder ofthe arm-being straight!The end of this elbow 10 may be: adaptedfto engage a notch 11 in the arm1, thereby act'- both to prevent further approach-of arm 3 toward thearin 1, and .to keep arm 3 from creepingtowardfthe bend 2 the the by thelatters yielding;

inthe structure illustrated-in a part of-the arm 3 is prolonged, as at.12, which prolongation terminates in a shoulder 13 immediately beyondthe elbow 4, :thereby providing means for preventing the approachoftheir-arm 3toward :the'iarm 1, for preventing the arm 3 fromlongitudinal yielding, and also for ensuring the elbow 1 against bendingaway from the arm-end 9 In the construction shown in Fig. 4, theprolongation 12 is bent outward slightly to make room for the lip 5, butthe same is otherwise similar to that of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 shows the wrench formed with actuating means at both ends, andcomposed. of two bars 14 and 15 secured together at their mid-length byspot-welding, as at 16, or otherwise, but the wrench elements 1, 5, 7and 8 are substantially the same as above described.

Instead of using round rod for the wrench, channel iron 17 may beutilized, and if used for the double wrench shown in Fig. 5, the twochannel iron bars can be fastened together by means of rivets 19, asshown in Fig. 6.

In using the wrench for square headed bolts, the corners 20, 21 thereofrest against the end 9 and base of the elbow 4:, as shown in Fig. 1,when the bend 2 is forced in the direction of the arrow. Since neitherof said parts will yield to ordinary strains, the bolt will be forciblyturned; but when the wrench handle is forcibly swung in an oppositedirection to the arrow, the arm-end 9 will move away from the arm 1 andwill fail to turn the bolt, thus performing its. ratchet function.

W'hen used upon a hexagon nut or bolthead, the lip 5 serves to ensureagainst the slipping of such nut or head, either out from between thewrench jaws, or from its turning therein.

The structure shown in Figs. 3 and 4 provides what is termed a boxwrench, that is, one which entirely surrounds the nut or bolt-head andconsequently will not drop off therefrom when not under control.

\Vhen provided with the engaging shoulders or spurs 7 and 8, the arm 3cannot yield against a powertul turnapplied to a nut or bolt, by theslight unbendin'g Of the curve 2, but will stand up againstsufficientforce to twist a bolt in two; and since the force applied to the elbow 4comes against it close to its juncture with the arm 1, it also able toresist practically any force;

What I claim is:

l. A wrench comprising two resiliently united but substantially parallelmembers, one having an elbow, at its outer extremity, and the-etherpresenting its end to the: outer part of said elbow but spacedtherefrom, means being provided for preventing, said elbow frombeingbent away from the end Sui-race of the other member.

2. A wrench comprising two resiliently united but substantially parallelmembers, one havii'ig an elbow at its outer extremity,

part of said elbow but spaced therefrom,

the latter having a part thereof adapted to.

contact with the other menoberto prevent approach and also longitudinaldisplacement of the two members in oned'irection.

3. A wrench comprising two resiliently united but substantially parallelmembers, one having an elbow at its outer extremity, and the otherpresenting its end to the outer part of said elbow but spaced:therefrom, the latter having an intermediate portion bent into contactwith the other member, the two contacting; surfaces being; formed withshoulders to prevent longitudinali'd is placement ofthe two members oneti on'.

4. A wrench comprising two resiliently united bnt substantlally;parallel members, one having an elbow at its outer extremity,

and the other presenting its end to the outer part of said elbow butspaced there'firorn,-

means being provided fior preventing the approach but not the recessionoi said: members, said elbow having; a lip at its end.

In testimony that I claim the fioregoing invention, I have hereunto setmy hand this 16th day of- Deeember,1920.

FREDERICK WARDEN;

